Components of Tourism

Tourism consists of various components and components of tourism also known as the 4 ‘A’s of tourism. Without these components, tourism cannot be operated. A tour of an individual is influenced by various elements or components. There are 4 ‘A’s of tourism:

1.      Attraction
2.     Accessibility
3.     Accommodation
4.     Amenities
Let’s know about each in detail:

1.  Attraction:

Attraction is one of the most important components of tourism. It pulls a person towards a destination or inspires him to make a visit. Nowadays, everyone seeks attraction in everything- the clothes they wear, the food they eat, the place they live in, etc. Attraction helps people to decide which place to visit. According to NYU, 68% of people pay more attention
to attractive places to visit. Tourists can be attracted by several attractions like waterfalls, sunrise, historical sites, sports, etc. Attraction works as magnetic power on the pull factor of tourism.
There are three major attractions that attract more tourists:

•       Built Attraction: These attractions are those which have been made by a human, like a museum, zoos, cultural and historical sites.
•       Site Attraction: These attractions are created by nature like the Himalayas, rivers, waterfalls, etc.
•       Event Attraction: Organizing a special program or event by a country attracts tourists.

 2. Accessibility:

Accessibility is another important component of tourism. Accessibility means the way by which a tourist can easily reach the desired destination. A destination should not only be attractive but accessible also. Some modes of transportation to reach a destination are very necessary. Cheaper modes of transportation receive a maximum number of tourists. Transportation plays a vital role, if a tourist destination is located at a place where no transport can reach then that destination become of little value. The following provision should be there for accessibility:

•      Accessibility of Road Transport
•      Accessibility of Rail Transport
•      Accessibility of Air Transport
•      Accessibility of Marine Transport

More tourists will visit a place if more transport modes are available.

 3.  Accommodation

Accommodation is another important factor that influences the tourist to choose a destination. Every tourist wants a good accommodation where he can spend the night peacefully and be served good food. The destination should be easily accessible along with good accommodations so that tourists can relax and have a good time. Accommodation must include hotels, guesthouses, apartments, restaurants, and Bar for refreshment. Accommodation should be designed in such a way that tourists can afford it according to their paying capacity. Accommodation should be well designed with all facilities. Accommodation is very important because no one will visit a place although it has an attraction, and accessibility but unavailability of Accommodation

4. Amenities:

 Amenities are a very important component of Tourism as its not easy to win the heart of travelers with the absence of required amenities. The absence of amenities may distract tourists. Amenities are elements that help the tourist to get satisfaction and pleasure from the destination. These are extra services and facilities that are provided by travel agencies, airlines, hotels, etc. Amenities include all necessary facilities and services to make a tourist feel comfortable in travel for example rest, food, entertainment, sport, etc.
Types of Amenities:

•      Natural: Beaches, Climbing, Fishing, Trekking etc.
•      Man-Made: Cinema, Fair and Festival, Internet, Music, Drama etc.

       Conclusion:

Apart from these four ‘A’s of tourism, there is also another important ‘A’ of tourism which refers to Affordability. The travel expenses like Accommodation charges, Transport fees, and entrance fees should be at affordable prices. The above-mentioned ‘A’ should be balanced equally to pull more visitors to any destination and there should be some interesting things to explore for different age groups of tourists. Thus, these 4 ‘A’s are very important to generate more tourism flow and acts as a backbone of tourism destination in any country.